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According to the British Heart Foundation, there are 7.6 million people in the UK with a heart or circulatory condition.

But 80% of cardiovascular disease (CVD) cases are preventable, so nursing staff can play an important role in reducing patient risk, says CVD nurse specialist Michaela Nuttall. says. “We need to think about how we can support people to change,” says Michaela, a member of the RCN’s Public Health Forum. “It’s about getting back to basics: quit smoking, eat healthier, manage your weight, be more active and drink less alcohol.”

What is cardiovascular disease?

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an umbrella term for conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. This is associated with atherosclerosis, the buildup of fatty deposits known as plaque in the arteries that harden and narrow them, restricting blood flow. It may also increase your risk of thrombosis, or blood clots, which can lead to further health problems.

NICE lists four main CVD types.

  • Coronary heart disease – when the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle is blocked or reduced. This can lead to angina, heart attack, and heart failure.
  • Strokes and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), also known as “mini-strokes,” are when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off due to a blockage or supply problem.
  • Peripheral artery disease – caused by blockages in the arteries that carry blood to the extremities, usually the legs.
  • Aortic disease – A group of diseases that affect the aorta, the largest blood vessel in the body.

Michaela suggests also considering vascular dementia, chronic kidney disease, and erectile dysfunction as types of CVD. “We always seek early diagnosis because it means earlier treatment and improved patient outcomes,” she says.

make a difference

A nurse for over 30 years, Michaela’s career has included running her own training company, working for public health charities and serving on committees and working groups related to cardiovascular health.

She believes that nursing staff working in all types of environments have the opportunity to make a difference. “Be curious,” says Michaela. “Ask patients if they have any health concerns or have considered lifestyle changes. Even if you don’t tell people what to do or what not to do, you can use positive feedback. There are many ways to make an impact.

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