A recent study found that COVID-19 vaccines reduce the chance of heart failure (HF) by up to 55% and blood clot formation by up to 78% after infection with COVID-19.

COVID-19 vaccine | Image credit: Leigh Prather – Stock.adobe.com

was announced on BMJ Heart, this study found that COVID-19 vaccination reduced the risk of acute (30-day) heart failure by 55%, venous thromboembolism (VTE) by 78%, and arterial thrombosis/thromboembolism (ATE). ) was found to be associated with a 47% reduction in the risk of These risk reductions were compared to patients who did not receive the COVID-19 vaccine.

“Similar to previous studies, our findings suggest a potential benefit of vaccination in reducing the risk of thromboembolic and cardiac complications following COVID-19 infection,” researchers said. said.

This time-lagged cohort study included a total of 10.17 million vaccinated and 10.39 million unvaccinated people from the UK, Spain and Estonia. We used the Fine-Gray model to estimate subdistribution hazard ratios (sHR) and conducted random-effects meta-analyses across staggered cohorts and databases.

Looking forward to the post-acute phase (31 to 90 days, 91 to 180 days, and 181 to 365 days after COVID-19 infection), both HF and VTE have slightly lower risk reductions at 180 days. However, as of 365 days, it has returned slightly. -Day mark. The reduction in risk remained significant.

For heart failure, the 39% risk reduction persisted at 90 and 180 days, and then returned to a 48% risk reduction one year after infection with COVID-19. For post-acute VTE, the patient’s risk decreased by 57% at 90 days and 47% at 180 days, but after 1 year the risk increased slightly and decreased by 50%. Did.

The researchers observed a slightly different trend for ATE. After decreasing from 47% 30-day risk to 26% 90-day risk, the post-acute risk reduction associated with COVID-19 vaccination increased to 28% at 180 days and 1 year post-infection. The risk reduction rate increased to 38%.

The researchers included post-COVID-19 outcome events based on previous research. These include myocarditis/pericarditis (MP), ventricular arrhythmia/arrest (VACA), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), ischemic stroke (IS), myocardial infarction (MI ) It is included. All of these showed a reduced risk in the acute 30-day period for vaccinated individuals.

When compared to unvaccinated individuals, meta-analyses in the acute phase estimated that the sHR was:

• 0.41 (0.26 to 0.66) for MP
• 0.41 (0.27 to 0.63) for COW
• 0.36 (0.28 to 0.45) for DVT
• 0.19 (0.15 to 0.25) for PE
• 0.55 (0.43 to 0.70) for IS
• 0.49 (0.38-0.62) for MI

This study has limitations inherent to real-world data, including data quality issues and potential confounders. Despite using sophisticated techniques such as extensive propensity score weighting and calibration, bias may still remain, the researchers said. Underreporting of post-COVID-19 complications, particularly in primary care databases not linked to hospitals, may also affect the accuracy of outcomes, but similar trends are observed in results from databases containing secondary care data. It has been shown. Additionally, the study also included a small number of young men and male teenagers of interest due to concerns about an increased risk of myocarditis/pericarditis following vaccination.

“Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 may reduce acute thromboembolic and cardiac complications following COVID-19 infection, possibly by reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the severity of COVID-19 disease with the vaccine.” “We significantly reduced the risk of developing this disease through induced immunity,” the researchers concluded. “The results of this study highlight another benefit of COVID-19 vaccination. However, further research is needed to determine whether the risk reduction may wane over time and the impact of booster vaccinations.” .”

reference

Mercade-Besola N, Li X, Korde R, et al. Role of novel coronavirus vaccines in preventing thromboembolic and cardiovascular complications after COVID-19 infection. heart. Published online March 12, 2024. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2023-323483